Every Letter Cut by Hand, One Chisel Stroke at a Time.
- 1Serif
- 2Stem
- 3V-cut at 60°
- 4Arris
- 5Margin 15 mm
- 6Riven edge
- 7Hidden stainless pin
- 8Setting-out line
Ledgervo is Orla’s workshop outside Kilkenny. Since 2010 she has cut house signs, plaques and memorials by hand in slate, limestone and sandstone.
Kilkenny · since 2010
From First Letter to Fixing
Most of a job happens before a chisel touches the stone. Here is the whole of it, from the note you send with a photo of your wall to the morning the sign goes up beside your door.
-
Step 1: The Conversation
Send the wording, a rough size and a photo of where the stone will go: the wall by the door, the gate pier, the grave. From those three things I can tell which stone suits, how tall the letters can be and what it will cost. If the wall is awkward or the cemetery is close by, I’ll come and look.
What to send -
Step 2: Choosing the Stone
Blue-grey slate holds the sharpest letter and stays readable on a north-facing wall where nothing else dries out. Kilkenny limestone is warmer and takes gold. Sandstone is soft and wants big, plain letters. Signs are cut from 25 mm stone, headstones from 75 mm.
How each stone weathers -
Step 3: The Words
We pare the wording back together. Line breaks are decided now, Irish and English can share one stone, and every word you leave out lets the rest be cut larger and deeper. On a 450 mm slate sign, fourteen letters is about right.
Editing the wording -
Step 4: Drawing the Letters
Every job gets its own drawing, made full size by hand. I choose the alphabet for the stone and the setting, space the letters by the area between them rather than the gap, and give awkward pairs like LA, AV and RT the time they need. Irish vowels get a properly drawn síneadh fada, and dates get numerals that sit easily with the capitals.
Of all eight steps, this is the one I’d stay late for.
Read the long version -
Step 5: Full-Size Approval
You see the drawing at exact size, on paper, either taped to the wall by me or posted out for you to tape up yourself. Stand back at the gate, live with it for a day or two. One full redraw is included, and further redraws are €40 each. When you approve it, a 30% deposit books the cutting.
Approving a drawing -
Step 6: Setting Out and Cutting
The drawing is transferred onto the stone and every letter is cut by hand with a 60° V-cut, using tungsten-tipped chisels and a round wooden dummy mallet. Nothing is routed, blasted or etched. It is the light falling across the two walls of each cut that makes a letter read from the road.
At the bench -
Step 7: Finishing
A letter can be left plain, painted in an enamel chosen against that particular stone, or gilded in 23.5 carat gold leaf at €4 a letter. Plain suits sandstone and pale limestone. Paint gives a slate sign its crispness from the footpath. Gold is for limestone, and for names that should catch a low winter sun.
Paint, gold or plain -
Step 8: Fixing
House signs go up on hidden stainless pins set in resin, so nothing shows on the face. Headstones stand on a proper foundation, and go in no sooner than 6 months after a burial so the ground has settled. I fix within 80 km of Kilkenny, and further afield at €0.60 a km. The balance is paid when the stone is in place.
What happens on the day
Three Kinds of Work
Every price includes the full-size drawing, one redraw and a painted or plain finish. Sizes, extras and every lead time are listed on the prices page.
-
Slate or limestone
House Signs and Numbers
A 200 mm slate number with up to three numerals is the smallest job I take. A 450 mm slate name sign with up to 14 letters is €380, a 600 mm one in Kilkenny limestone €540.
From€160
Sign and number prices -
Openings and anniversaries
Commemorative Plaques
For parish groups, schools and community halls. Slate, 400 × 300 mm, up to 60 letters, with the layout and border drawn for the occasion. Up to €850 with a full border.
From€620
Plaque prices -
About 30 a year
Memorials
Limestone headstones fixed within 80 km, flat ledger stones from €3,600, and a name added to an existing stone in the cemetery for €180 a visit plus €14 a letter.
From€2,900
Memorial prices
Stones I Cut
Three stones, all quarried, none polished to a mirror. Each takes a chisel differently, and the right one depends on the wall, the light and how many words there are.
-
Sharpest letters
Blue-Grey Slate
Dense and fine, so it holds a crisp arris on the smallest numeral. The stone for house numbers and small signs, and the one that stays readable on a damp north-facing wall.
-
The local stone
Kilkenny Limestone
Warm, even and quarried a short drive from the workshop. It takes gold leaf better than anything else I cut, and it is what the headstones, ledgers and larger house signs are made from.
-
Big plain letters
Irish Sandstone
Soft and open-grained. It won’t hold a fine serif, so it suits large, plain lettering on gate piers and hall walls, left unpainted to weather in with the building.
What I Turn Down
Saying no early saves us both a wasted quote. These are the jobs I pass on, and why.
- Polished black granite, or any mirror polishA V-cut reads by light falling across its two walls. A mirror throws back the sky and the letters disappear.
- Sandblasted, laser-etched or routed letteringEvery letter here is cut by hand. That is the whole job, not an optional finish.
- Photographs, portraits or ceramic insertsThey fade and loosen decades before the stone does. A well-cut name carries a person further.
- A memorial promised in under 8 weeksDrawing, approval and cutting can’t be hurried, and the ground needs 6 months to settle in any case.
- Copying another carver’s design line for lineTheir alphabet is years of their own work. I’ll draw you one of your own instead.
- Resin, composite or reconstituted stoneCast material crumbles at the arris. I only cut stone that came out of the ground.
- Hearts, books or open Bibles cut from a templateThe shape of a stone should come from its words and its place, not from a catalogue page.
- Re-lettering over another maker’s machine-cut inscriptionA hand-cut letter won’t sit cleanly in a routed groove. Adding a name to a hand-cut stone is a different matter.
Hours, Distances and the Winter Break
Tuesday to Friday 09:30-17:00 · Saturday 10:00-13:00 by appointment · Closed Sunday and Monday
Workshop visits are arranged by email first, so there is someone at the bench to meet you.
A converted cart shed outside Kilkenny, Ireland
Memorials fixed within 80 km: Carlow, Laois, Tipperary, Waterford and most of Wexford.
Signs 5 to 7 weeks · Plaques 6 to 8 weeks · Memorials 4 to 6 months
Counted from the day you approve the full-size drawing. Autumn memorial bookings often run into the spring.
30% deposit when the drawing is approved
The balance on collection, delivery or fixing, by bank transfer or cash.
Closed 20 December to 12 January
“I close the workshop from 20 December to 12 January every year.” Read the rest of Orla’s winter note
Send the wording, a rough size and a photo of where the stone will go. A quote comes back within 5 working days.